Cyprus Infertility Treatment
What Is Infertility Treatment?
Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after 1 year or longer of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse. In previous years, this period was considered 6 months; however, today specialists agree that at least 12 months should be allowed before making a diagnosis. If the woman is over the age of 35 or has a known medical condition, evaluation is recommended without waiting for this period.
Even in couples with completely healthy reproductive systems, the chance of pregnancy within a single menstrual cycle is approximately 20%, even if ovulation is correctly timed. For this reason, not achieving pregnancy within a few months does not always indicate a serious problem. However, if pregnancy does not occur after one year, this situation is evaluated as infertility and requires detailed assessment.
Although the term “sterility” is commonly used in society, the term “infertility” is preferred today because infertility is a treatable condition, and modern medicine allows many couples to achieve a healthy pregnancy.
Cyprus Infertility Treatment
Cyprus is one of the leading destinations for infertility treatment, particularly in IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) and assisted reproductive techniques, serving international patients. With modern embryology laboratories, advanced genetic testing applications (PGT), and donation options, pregnancy chances are increased.
At DrHIT Cyprus IVF Center, infertility treatments are carried out with personalized planning and advanced technological infrastructure.
What Is Primary and Secondary Infertility?
Infertility is divided into two main groups:
Primary Infertility
Primary infertility refers to a person who has never experienced pregnancy and is unable to conceive despite regular unprotected intercourse.
Secondary Infertility
Secondary infertility refers to a person who has previously achieved at least one pregnancy but is unable to conceive again.
This distinction plays an important role in treatment planning because the underlying causes may differ between primary and secondary infertility.
Ovarian Reserve and Age Factor in Women
Female age is one of the most important determining factors in infertility treatment. According to statistics, 84% of couples with regular sexual activity achieve pregnancy within the first year, and 92% by the end of the second year. However, as age increases, ovarian reserve declines and egg quality decreases.
After the age of 35, pregnancy rates decline significantly, while the risk of miscarriage and chromosomal abnormalities increases. For this reason, women in advanced age groups are advised not to delay evaluation.
Ovarian reserve can be assessed with the AMH test and ultrasound. In cases of low reserve, assisted reproductive techniques such as IVF may be recommended.
How Common Is Infertility?
Approximately 15% of all couples experience infertility. Among diagnosed couples, the causes are distributed as follows:
30% male factor
30% female factor
10% combined male and female factors
25% unexplained infertility
5% other causes
As seen, infertility is not solely a female issue; both partners must be evaluated together.
Causes of Male Infertility
The most common cause of male infertility is problems related to sperm production, including:
Low sperm count (oligospermia)
Reduced sperm motility (asthenospermia)
Abnormal sperm morphology
Absence of sperm (azoospermia)
Additionally, sexual dysfunction, varicocele, infections, hormonal disorders, obesity, smoking, and systemic diseases may contribute to male infertility.
Causes of Female Infertility
The most common causes of female infertility include:
Ovulation disorders
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Blocked fallopian tubes or infections
Uterine polyps and fibroids
Endometriosis
Thyroid disorders
Diabetes
Age-related decline in ovarian reserve
Many of these conditions can be treated with medication or surgical methods. When necessary, IVF treatment is applied.
How Is Infertility Treated?
Infertility treatment is planned according to the underlying cause. The main treatment methods include:
Ovulation tracking
Ovulation-inducing medications
Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
Donation programs
Especially in cases of unexplained infertility and advanced maternal age, IVF treatment offers the highest success rates.
Conclusion
Infertility is largely a treatable condition thanks to the advanced methods offered by modern medicine. Early diagnosis, choosing the right center, and personalized treatment planning significantly increase success rates.
If pregnancy has not been achieved after one year of regular unprotected intercourse, consulting a specialized fertility center without delay is the most appropriate step.